The French Revolution By Charles Dickens - 1704 Words

The French Revolution was a period of anarchy that lasted for ten years in the late 1700s. Charles Dickens wrote A Tale of Two Cities sixty years after the revolt, but he included many accurate historical facts in his work. Though this time was dominated by violence and danger, the revolutionaries also made many positive sacrifices. Dickens weaves a common thread through his novel by showing the connection of love and sacrifice. The concept that love has the power to make someone sacrifice what is important to them emerges through the characters of Miss Pross, Dr. Manette, and Sydney Carton. Firstly, Miss Pross’s love for Lucie is revealed through her small, everyday sacrifices and it eventually leads her to put her own life in danger in order to protect â€Å"Ladybird†. The first example of Miss Pross’s devotion is seen when Mr. Lorry describes her as â€Å"one of those unselfish creatures- found only among women- who will, for pure love and admiration, bind th emselves willing slaves, to youth when they have lost it† and he even goes as far to say, â€Å"he stationed Miss Pross much nearer to the lower Angels than many ladies immeasurably better got up both by Nature and Art, who had balances at Tellson’s† (Dickens 72). After having witnessed the daily sacrifices Miss Pross makes for Lucie, including giving up her own aspirations, Mr. Lorry has a new outlook on her character and believes her to be better than any other woman he knows. He even claims that she is superior to the womenShow MoreRelatedThe French Revolution By Charles Dickens1499 Words   |  6 PagesThe French Revolution began in 1789 and ended in the late 1790s with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte. The King of France, Louis XVI was overthrown in a popular rebellion but France, was stricken by financial problems for over a century along with Great Britain. Charles Dickens showed comparison with the French Revolution in The Tale of Two Cities. This can be seen through the start of the French Revolution, life during the Revolution, how Louis XVI affected France, and crime and punishment throughoutRead MoreCharles Dickens s The French Revolution1586 Words   |  7 Pagescharacters in history. France, prior to Marie’s reign, was in poor conditions from the debt caused by the American Revolution, cold harsh winters, and famine, all of which greatly affected the French, particularly the overtaxed and mistreated lower class. Already bitter about their life, the introduction of Marie into their lives helped catalyze the already forming French Revolution. Marie Antoinette, best known for her role as the queen of France during 1789, expresses her frivolous but determinedRead MoreCharles Dickens - Pro or Anti French Revolution Essay779 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Dickens - Pro or Anti French Revolution? The tale of two cities written by Charles Dickens is at the time period of the French revolution. But it is not understood if Charles likes the French revolution or if he’s against it? Charles Dickens sees the poverty in all the peasants, he sees that peasants are becoming solemn and deadly the people are. Charles sees that the rich treat the poor like garbage. The French revolution made France more disorganized then before. Charles agreesRead MoreInterpreting the French Revolution Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens825 Words   |  3 PagesIn the novel A Tale of Two Cities, the author Charles Dickens explains to us, the readers, how he interpreted the French Revolution including his thoughts and concerns for the time period. This period is referring to the 18th century when the uprisings began. In this violence, groups of people were brought together to stir up havoc among the cities. Charles uses the common parallels of the two cities to bring them together as one. By using his paradoxes just as he started the story, he brings twoRead MoreDuring the French Revolution, A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens948 Words   |  4 Pageswritten by Charles Dickens. The tale takes place in London and Paris. Main characters Dr. Manette, Lucie Manette, Charles Darnay, Sydney Carton, and the Defarges are chronicled before the French Revolution and when the revolution begins throughout France. The author Charles Dickens explores the economic disparity between rich and poor within in the two cities and topics during enlightenment such as revolution in political thinking. In addition to establishing the time period Charles Dickens exploresRead MoreViolent Attributes of the French Revolution in A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dicken620 Words   |  2 Pagesdying; during the French Revolution these were common themes. These violent attributes of the Revolution pushed the inherent goodness in people to a breaking point and at times resulted in their poor ch oices and uncharacteristic deeds. In A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens shows foils between the rich and the poor, explaining the lengths people will go to undermine the stress of the Revolution. In A Tale of Two Cities, the Monseigneur symbolizes a very rich and powerful man. Dickens portrays thisRead MoreA Tale Of Two Cities And The French Revolution1006 Words   |  5 PagesFrance. Charles Dickens thought that if things did not change, then a violent revolution in England, similar to the French Revolution, was possible or in the future. In â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities†, Charles Dickens symbolizes the discord that the English and the French faced as he tears apart the two systems of their society. Charles Dickens, a brilliant author back in the 1850’s, wrote â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities† in order to describe the similarities between the forces that led to the revolution and theRead MoreA Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens1420 Words   |  6 PagesThe era surrounding the French Revolution was a horrifically bloody and violent period of history – the best of times and the worst of times. The violence enacted by the citizens of French on their fellow countrymen set a gruesome scene in the cities and country sides of France. Charles Dickens uses a palate of storm, wine, and blood imagery in A Tale of Two Cities to paint exactly how tremendously brutal this period of time was. Dickens use of storm imagery throughout his novel illustrates to theRead MoreTale Of Two Cities Analysis704 Words   |  3 PagesCharles Dickens, a brilliant author back in the 1850’s, wrote â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities† in order to describe the similarities between the forces that led to the revolution and the oppression and unrest occurring in England. The French revolution impacts history because the time period in which it takes place is before and during the French revolution. The French revolution signifies the essence of a rapid change, nevertheless, this change tore France right at the heart, where all the government wasRead MoreAnalysis Of Charles Dickens A Tale Of Two Cities986 Words   |  4 PagesWith revolution brewing in the air, various authors took writing as a way to express their opinions. One such author, Charles Dickens wrote A Tale of Two Cities as his way of expressing his interest and concerns. Charles Dickens, the second of eight children, was born on February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, England. His father, John Dickens worked as a naval clerk, and dreamed of striking it rich. However, in 1823, his father found himself forced into Marshalsea Debtor’s Prison, where the rest of his

Real Time Road Sign Recognition System Free Essays

Real Time Road Sign Recognition System Using Artificial Neural Networks For Bengali Textual Information Box An Automated Road Sign Recognition system using Artificial Neural Network for the Textual Information box inscribing in Bengali is presented on the paper. Signs are visual languages that represent some special circumstantial information of environment. Road signs, being among the most important around us primarily for safety reasons, are designed, and manufactured and installed according to tight regulations. We will write a custom essay sample on Real Time Road Sign Recognition System or any similar topic only for you Order Now The system captures real time images every two seconds and saves them as JPG format files. Firstly some road sign are already stored in the memory. Like: Warning Sign, Prohibition Sign, Obligation Sign and Informative Sign. Car Driver concentration and illiterateness isn’t always focused on what it should be and not always notice the road signs. For these reasons, automation of Bangla Road Sign Recognition system is highly essential. Previously several works are done by Mueller, Piccioli, Novovicova, Yuille, Escalera and others. But those are not in Bengali. Real Time Road Sign Recognition System Using Artificial Neural Networks for Bengali Textual Information Box which is done by Mohammad Osiur Rahman, Fouzia Asharf Mousumi, Edgar Scavino, Aini Hussain, Hassan Basri whose are from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh, Faculty of Engineering, University Kebangsaan Malaysia. For doing this they divide the total Concept in Steps: 1. Image Acquisition: From several video sequences from a moving vehicle for a certain period are consecutive frames recorded within 2 seconds are similar. For this they have used Application Programming Interface functions of VB 6. 0. Every 2-second a frame is collected and stored in JPG format. 2. Preprocessing: Median filter is used to reduce impulsive or salt-and-pepper type noise from captured images and then normalized into 320 X 240 pixels. 3. Text Detection and Extraction: An algorithm was developed for textual information detection and extraction from Bangla Road Signs on the basis of the Sobel Edge Detection technique. Like the following: I. Read input image in . jpg format II. Convert colored image into gray scale image III. Apply 3Ãâ€"3 median filter convolution masks on gray scale image IV. Calculated edges by applying Sobel convolutions mask V. Thicken the calculated edges by dilation VI. Apply vertical Sobel projection filter on dimmed image VII. Create a histogram by computing projection values VIII. Find the threshold value of the image IX. Loop on the possible positive identifications based on the histogram values X. Extract the possible positive identifications based on the histogram values XI. Apply Sobel horizontal edge-emphasis for other possible text area searches XII. Convert detected text region into binary image XIII. Calculate height and width of detected region of text XIV. Crop the image 4. Bangla OCR using MLP: An ANN based approach is used for Bangla OCR of road signs’ text. It has 3 sub modules – Character segmentation, Feature Extraction and Character Recognition by MLP NN. 5. Confirmation of Textual Road Signs and Conversion 6. Speech synthesis The Proposed system works like the following: 1. From video sequences capture a single frame in JPG format in each 2 seconds. 2. Preprocess the captured image each time . Detect the Text and Extract that and then Extracted Text will recognize by Bengali Optical Character Recognition System. 4. Recognized characters of textual information compared with the stored knowledge and then give decision valid or invalid. 5. If Valid then recognize and according to users choice it provide Bengali or it convert to English and provide audio stream. The system processes the images to find out whe ther they contain images of road signs or not. The textual information of the road signs is detected and extracted from the images. The Bengali OCR system takes the textual information as an input to recognize individual Bengali characters. The Bengali OCR is implemented using Multi-layer Perceptron. The output of the Bengali OCR system is compared with the previously enrolled standard Bengali textual road signs. The throughput which comes from the matching process is used as input for the speech synthesizer and finally the system delivers the audio stream to the driver, either in Bengali or in English based on the user settings. After testing this system, the obtained accuracy rate was evaluated at 91. 48%. Our Idea by using Hopfield Associative Memory Our work to done this thesis by using Associative Memory. Which are two types – Hetero Associative Memory Auto Associative Memory. We will use the Auto-associative / Autocorrelators Memory for our purposes. It’s now most easily recognized by the title of HAM(Hopfield Associative Memory), were introduced as a theoretical notation by Donald Hebb. To do this we need to first generate Matrices (Row or Column Matrix) in the Bipolar Boolean format (-1 and +1) from the Image. Then the matrices need to transpose of each of the matrices and then create the encoding process (The Connection Matrix) by [pic] And then need to Recognized of the stored patterns or feed each of the matrix by [pic] Introducing the Bipolar Function to [pic]. If [pic] = 0 set the value +1 otherwise set the value -1 for each of the Element of the Matrix of [pic]. Now Recognition of Noisy Patterns by finding the Hamming Distance (HD) with the Given Noisy Pattern N by [pic] Which Hamming Distance of noisy and stored pattern are less the probability of matching to noisy pattern with the stored pattern are most. And then need to Recognized of the Noisy patterns or feed each of the matrix with Encoding Process by [pic] By using Bipolar Function to [pic]. If [pic] 0 set the value +1 otherwise set the value -1 for each of the Element of the Matrix of [pic]. In this method we need to store all road sign text segmented by each blank will generate Matrices. And by the above method generate correlation matrix. If the Bipolar Noisy Matrix matched with the Transposed Matrix of the stored Image Transpose Matrix, in the case of partial vectors, an Auto-Correlator results in the refinement of the pattern or removal of noise to retrieve the closest matching stored pattern. Our Idea by using WANG et al. ’s Multiple training encoding strategy (WANG MTES): The algorithm of the WANG MTES is like the following: Step-1:Initialize the correlation matrix M to null matrix M ( [0]. Step-2:Compute the M as, For I ( 1 to N M ( M ( [qi * (Transpose Xi’) ( Yi’] [where Xi’ and Yi bipolar patterns] End Step-3:Read input bipolar Pattern A’ Step-4:Compute A_M where A_M ( A’ ( M Step-5:Apply threshold function ( to A_M to get B’ [(=bipolar of Matrices] Step-6:Output B’ which is the associated Pattern Pair. In this method, as like the HOPFIELD ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY we need to store all road sign text segmented by each character will generate Matrices Associated with the equivalent ASCII of Bengali Character Matrix. And by the above method generate correlation matrix of the stored Pattern. Now from the input image text need to generate matrix of called noisy pattern will must in bipolar form. And Feed with the Correlation Matrix. Equation like the following: [pic] qi’s are positive real number called generalized correlation matrix, will be change according to the improving feeding necessity. Figure: Schematic view of Bangla Road Sign Recognition System ———————– Speech Language Choose? Speech synthesis Convert into equivalent English text English Bengali Audio stream Valid Bangla road Sign Recognized Unrecognized Yes Prememorized Knowledge (Bangla Sign Textual info Database) Image (JPG format) Processing Text detection extraction Matching Bangla OCR using WANG MTES Extracted Text Recognized Characters of Texture Information Single Frame Video Sequences No How to cite Real Time Road Sign Recognition System, Essays

Symbolism and Theme in Everyday Use free essay sample

The short story Everyday Use by Alice Walker differentiates between a fake and a real heritage. To illustrate her point she uses one family consisting of a mother and her two daughters and the way each of them views their ancestry and heritage. Through the behavior of these three people Walker is able to clearly show the little things that separate a real heritage from the assumed fake mask. During the time of many positive changes to the lives of black people across the America, the author illustrates what the true African American heritage should look like, compared to empty claims by those who have no understanding it. The first and perhaps the least complex of the symbols in the story is Mama’s yard. In the very beginning of the story Mama says: â€Å"I will wait for her in the yard that Maggie and I made so clean and wavy yesterday afternoon† (Walker 491). It is significant that the story starts out right in the yard, which shows how important it probably is to Mama. The further sentences continue on this idea as Mama keeps talking about the yard as the extension of her living room and a place where anyone can sit and enjoy a nice day in peace and quiet. In a way this yard represents freedom for Mama, as it is the only place where she can get away and maybe forget for a second about her difficult hard-working life and many negative events of the past. So it’s no wonder that of all the places, she chooses to have her yard clean, enjoyable and welcoming as it is. It also makes sense that when her older daughter Maggie decides to visit Mama does an even better job to make sure that the yard, as her favorite and best feature of the house, stays nearly perfect. The freedom of the yard can be also compared to the vigorous action and all of the arguments that seem to happen inside of the house. Once again Mama narrates: â€Å"After dinner Dee (Wangero) went to the trunk and started rifling through it. Maggie hung back in the kitchen over the dishpan† (495). It’s interesting to notice that the central argument of the story, the argument about who is going to inherit the old quilts, happens inside the house while the yard remains a peaceful place of escape throughout the story. Just as it began, the story also ends in the yard, in absolute peace and quiet. Mama closes the story by talking about her, Maggie and the yard: â€Å"And then the two of us sat there just enjoying, until it was time to go in the house and go to bed† (496). This shows that even after a day as long and difficult as Mama and Maggie just had, the yard still remains their safe haven and the place where they still have at least some control over surroundings and their life. Probably the most important symbol in this story is the quilts that serve as the reason for the heated conversation between Mama and Dee close to the end. To show the rich history behind the quilts, Mama describes the process of their making: â€Å"They had been pieced by Grandma Dee and then Big Dee and me had hung them on the quilt frames on the front porch and quilted them. In both of them were scraps of dresses Grandma Dee had worn fifty and more years ago† (495). There arguably are many various interpretations that could be assigned to this symbol, as it is the central piece of the whole story, but it seems that the main idea that Walker tries to convey through these quilts is connection between the generations the present and past and the legacies that they leave after them. One way or another these quilts contain a little part of each of the women who have ever worked on making them, and the history of Mama’s, Maggie’s and Dee’s family It is really interesting that the quilts and other similar articles have a completely different purpose for Dee compared to Maggie and Mama. After seeing how strongly Dee is trying to get the quitls, Maggie quietly says â€Å"I can ’member Grandma Dee without the quilts† (496). From reading the whole story the readers can see that for people like Mama and Maggie things like these quilts don’t determine their connection to the heritage and the bond between generations remains strong without the influence of the material things. At the same time, judging from the way that Dee acts throughout her visit, such bonds to one’s heritage can be easily broken or even completely destroyed. And when these bonds are finally destroyed it becomes impossible for people like Dee to understand the meaning of such little objects like the quilts in much the same way as it is impossible for her to even understand the origins and the legacy of her name. Again the history behind the quilts is really important so Mama describes more of it: â€Å"Bits and pieces of Grandpa Jarrell’s paisley shirts. And one teeny faded blue piece, about the size of a penny matchbox, that was from Great Grandpa Ezra’s uniform that he wore in the Civil War† (495). Made out of many small pieces of Maggie’s and Dee’s ancestors’ clothes, these quilts visually display the history of their family, including all of the struggles such as war, racism and poverty experienced by its members over last century. What makes these quilts even more valuable and important is the fact that because of her poverty Mama considers her heritage, contained in the things like these quilts, as the most important material object in her possession. Therefore she decides that the best way to honor this heritage would be to pass them to Maggie to be used like they were intended to by those who made the quilts and the legacy contained inside of them. The quilts then summarize the great and long heritage, passed on from one generation to the next, which Dee is now not able to understand. The most striking and thought provoking theme of this story is the true meaning of heritage, illustrated by comparing Dee to Mama and Maggie. To proclaim the reason for changing her name, Dee says: â€Å"I couldn’t bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppress me† (494). After several years of separation and losing touch with her actual roots Dee chooses to take on a new name â€Å"Wangero† to better represent her African heritage. However, such move can not be considered anything more than a joke, and an act aimed to fit in better with the newest and most popular trends. This name, as well as the way Wangero dresses and acts, is supposed to signify her connection to a culture she really knows nothing about, making all of this meaningless. Also, Dee views her actual heritage as long dead, which she expresses often through her actions and words, like saying that it is a new day for people like them now. Dee tries desperately to gain possession of the quilts, but to her they do not bear any real meaning and are simply the artifacts of the old and lost culture. In the house Dee keeps going around and complementing on all of the objects that show-off her ethnicity, as described by Mama: â€Å"Everything delighted her. Even the fact that we still used the benches her daddy made for the table when we couldn’t afford to buy chairs† (495). It’s quite obvious that the word â€Å"heritage† has a very different meaning for Mama compared to that of Dee’s. Dee is really interested in all of the old things lying around Mama’s house, but only because to her they are pretty artistic pieces that she can use to decorate the house. While looking at these objects Dee doesn’t know or can not remember many of the stories and legacies behind them, and looks at them all as really pretty and desirable but foreign objects. At the same time, to Mama, this legacy is much more. Every object that Dee picks up, Mama and Maggie know by the way it was made, maker of it and reason for making it. They remember stories about the people behind the things and for this reason are able to really appreciate them. Frustrated bud decisive Mama calmly tells Dee: â€Å"I promised to give them quilts to Maggie, for when she marries John Thomas† (496). Mama knows that these objects and specifically the quilts should end up with Maggie, because to Maggie they have a real meaning. Maggie doesn’t pretend that she will cherish the quilts forever, and in fact it’s obvious that she will probably put them to everyday use. But Maggie plans to use the quilts like they were always intended to and by doing this she fulfills the heritage behind them in the best possible way. Dee disagrees with that, but as she gets mad and tells Mama and Maggie about how they don’t understand their heritage, it’s clear that she is the one who doesn’t understand anything. In her story Everyday Use, Alice Walker gives the readers in interesting insight into the life of African Americans, as their status, treatment and life change. At the same time, through her main three characters – Mama, Maggie and Dee Walker also shows the difference between a true desire and connection with one’s heritage compared to a greedy want to use one’ ethnic background to fit in with the newest trends. But Walker does something else besides that, by constantly comparing and contrasting the biographies, descriptions and actions of these characters she shows what real African American heritage looks like, how one should treat it and finally how it is different to the empty claims of those who can not understand it.

The Garden Of Love Essays - The Garden Of Love, Negativity

The Garden Of Love ?The Garden of Love? is, quite obviously, a poem about life and the pursuit of happiness. It is also about the effects that negativity can have on love. Blake uses religion to convey the idea that negativity pervades and corrupts all life?(51 n.9), further supporting it with his use of rhyme scheme and imagery. In searching for love people often times emerge scarred and hostile from their fruitless efforts. Some continue to have faith in the idea of love and its possibilities, others do not. These folk sometimes seek refuge from their pain in a variety of houses. It is just as often that these refugees project their negative attitudes onto others that search for love and happiness. People who fear love can prevent others from finding it, because they change the positive surroundings to suit their negative world. the conflict between organized religion and the individual is the constant idea throughout the poem. Blake, himself, despised the Church, as an institution rather than an idea, and used religious symbols to show how structured religion can destroy the lover and creator within. A chapel has been built, perverting a once pure and loving environment. In inspecting the chapel, the persona feels only negativity from a religious house, as the gates are shut ?And Thou shalt not writ over the door?(6). Not only has man and machine invaded this place once full of life, but they have also brought with them negative commandments. The negative phrase, ?Thou shalt not? defies the instructions in Deuteronomy to write ?Thou shalt?- a positive commandment- ?upon the posts of they house and on thy gates,? supporting the notion that ?negative commandments pervade and corrupt all life?(51 n.9). Other images are used to represent individual and Church, positive and negative. He uses words that exude lif e and breath, such as ?green, love, bore,? and ?sweet flowers.? These are all positive images that support the individual's search for creativity and love within the natural environment(pre-Church). Blake uses negative images to represent the Church, which in turn conveys the effects that negativity and pessimism can have on positive things. Negativity can often overpower positivity. In ?The Garden of Love? negative images invade a positive environment and change it to suit its needs. The Church tears apart the natural environment in order to create a church, shuts the gates to keep out evil and poor people, and replacing the Garden of Love with a garden of death by substituting tombstones for flowers. Blake uses words that imply darkness and negativity, such as ?new building, gates, graves, black gowns,? and ?briars.? The positive images that are present in the first stanza of the poem eventually disappear and the poem is overflowing with negatives. ?And I saw it was filled with gr aves,/And tomb-stones where flowers should be:/And Priests in black gowns, were walking their rounds,/And binding with briars, my joys & desires?(9-12). The images of innocence and life that introduced the persona finds her place of refuge overgrown with darkness and infected with limitations. As Jean Hagstrum said, ?It is always the institutional Urizen who perverts natural life. In the garden of love in Experience stands an altar, and priests read commands from a book on a lectern? (531). What used to be a place lush with life and hope is being confined by negativity. Blake's use of conflicting imagery shows how negativity is infectious and limits love. Blake also uses the persona to show the effects of negativity on positivity. The persona changes throughout the poem as the influence of the organized Church on the environment increases. In the beginning, the voice is innocent, pure, open, and exploring, saying, ?I went to the Garden of Love,/and saw what I never had seen?/Where I used to play on the green? (1-4). The voice was individualistic and not influenced by any powers other than her own. However, as the poem progresses and the persona experiences more negativity, that voice changes. In the final lines, with the addition of internal rhyme scheme, the voice seems trapped and confused. ?And Priests in black gowns, were walking their rounds,/And binding with briars, my joys & desires?(11-12). In the first two stanzas of the